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Saman Khuda
Saman Khuda (Saman Khoda, Saman-khudat) was an 8th-century Persian noble whose descendants (the House of Saman) later became rulers of Persia (the Samanid Empire). He was a Dehqan from the village of Saman in Balkh province in present-day northern Afghanistan (then part of Persia).〔(Bosworth, Clifford Edmund. ''The New Islamic Dynasties: A Chronological and Genealogical Manual'' p. 162 )〕 In the early 8th century, he came to Merv, seat of the Caliphal governor of Khorasan, Asad ibn 'Abd Allah al-Qasri (ruled 723-727). Saman was originally a Zoroastrian,.〔(Dhalla, M. N. ''History of Zoroastrianism'' (1938) Part 6, Chapter XLIII )〕 But he was so impressed with the piety of Asad ibn 'Abd-Allah al-Qasri, the Caliphal governor of Khorasan, that he converted to Islam.〔Mohammad Taher, ''Encyclopaedic Survey of Islamic Culture'', pg. 84〕 He named his son Asad, allegedly in the governor's honor.
Caliph al-Mamun (786-833) subsequently appointed Asad's four sons – Saman Khuda's grandsons – as governors of Samarkand, Ferghana, Shash and Ustrushana, and Herat in recognition of their role in the suppression of a revolt.〔(Shamsiddin Kamoliddin, "To the Question of the Origin of the Samanids", ''Transoxiana'' 10 (July 2005) ).〕 This began the House of Saman; Saman Khuda's great-grandson Isma'il ibn Ahmad (849-907) became Amir of Transoxiana and Khorasan.
Saman was a 4th or 5th generation descendant of Bahram Chobin,〔
〔Narshaki (trans. R. N. Frye), ''History of Bukhara'', Pg 79〕 a noble of the ancient House of Mihran, who played an important role in the history of the later Sassanian Empire.〔R. N. Frye, ''The Golden Age of Persia'', London: Butler & Tanner Ltd., 1996, p. 200.〕
==Family tree==
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